Alternative Medicine and Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS): A Comprehensive Review

 Why This Review Matters

The article emphasizes that while conventional therapies (NSAIDs, DMARDs, biologics) remain central to AS management, their side effects and high costs drive interest in complementary approaches. 

This review systematically explores how alternative medicine—particularly herbal and traditional therapies—may help regulate inflammation, oxidative stress, and abnormal bone formation.

Pathogenesis and Symptoms

• AS basics: An autoimmune disease causing chronic inflammation in the sacroiliac joints and spine.

• Symptoms: Back pain, morning stiffness, sacroiliitis, and extra-articular issues (like eye inflammation).

• Underlying mechanisms: Involves immune dysregulation, oxidative stress, and osteogenesis (new bone formation).

Diagnosis

• Clinical signs: Chronic back pain before age 45.

• Imaging: MRI and X-rays detect inflammation and joint changes.

• Lab markers: HLA-B27 is often present but not definitive.

Alternative Medicine Approaches Highlighted in the Review

The authors detail several complementary therapies:

• Herbal formulations: Plant-based decoctions and extracts that may reduce inflammation and regulate bone metabolism.

• Moxibustion: A heat-based therapy from traditional medicine, shown to relieve stiffness and pain.

• Acupuncture and Oriental medicine: Techniques that may improve mobility and reduce pain perception.

• Lifestyle integration: Exercise combined with herbal remedies enhances outcomes.

These therapies target key disease processes—immune imbalance, oxidative stress, and abnormal bone growth—suggesting a holistic benefit.

Evidence and Limitations

• Most findings come from cell and animal studies, with smaller clinical trials showing promise.

• Large-scale human studies are still needed to confirm safety and effectiveness.

• Alternative medicine should be used as complementary, not a replacement for conventional care.

Key Takeaways for People with AS

• Alternative medicine offers supportive options alongside standard treatments.

• Herbal remedies, moxibustion, and acupuncture may help manage pain and stiffness.

• Always consult your healthcare provider before starting new therapies.

• The future of AS management may lie in integrated approaches that combine modern medicine with traditional practices.

 You can read the full article here.

You may also be interested in:

• Ankylosing Spondylitis: A patient's story to diagnosis

• Long-standing Link Between ankylosing spondylitis and HLA-B27 Explained

• Autoimmune Conditions That Commonly Cause Pain

Natural Remedies for Inflammation: What Science Is Discovering

If you live with an autoimmune condition, you know how frustrating chronic inflammation can be. It’s your body trying to protect you—but sometimes it goes too far, causing pain, swelling, and long-term damage.

Doctors often prescribe medications like NSAIDs (think ibuprofen or diclofenac) to calm inflammation. But these drugs can come with side effects, especially if you take them often. That’s why scientists are exploring safer, plant-based options—and the results are promising.

What Did This Study Look At?

Researchers used computer simulations (called “in-silico” methods) to test natural compounds from traditional medicinal plants. They wanted to see if any of these plant chemicals could block COX-2, an enzyme that plays a big role in inflammation.

Plants That Showed Promise

They studied compounds from plants like:

• Licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra)

• Neem (Azadirachta indica)

• Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum)

• Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) …and several others.

Four natural compounds stood out:

• Solasonine

• Solamargine

• Rutin

• Glycyrrhizin

These had stronger anti-inflammatory potential than diclofenac, a common NSAID.

Why It Matters for You

• Less risk to the heart: Some of these natural compounds may be gentler on your heart than traditional meds.

• Better body absorption: Especially rutin, which showed good results for how it moves through and works in the body.

• Stable and strong: The compounds stayed stable when bound to the COX-2 enzyme, which is a good sign for effectiveness.

What’s Next?

This was a computer-based study, so it’s not ready for the pharmacy shelf yet. Scientists still need to test these compounds in the lab and in people. But it’s a hopeful step toward safer, natural options for managing inflammation.

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

FIND OUT MORE ABOUT RUTIN

WHAT FOODS AID THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

Rutin: Nature’s Anti-Inflammatory Ally — Q&A

What is rutin?

Rutin is a natural compound found in many fruits and vegetables—especially apples, citrus fruits, buckwheat, and tea. It’s part of a group called flavonoids, which are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

How does rutin help with inflammation?

Rutin can block certain enzymes, like COX-2, that trigger inflammation in the body. This is the same enzyme targeted by common anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and diclofenac—but rutin may do it more gently, with fewer side effects.

Is rutin safe for people with autoimmune conditions?

Early research suggests rutin may be safer than some NSAIDs, especially for long-term use. It’s shown low risk of heart-related side effects and good absorption in the body. But always check with your doctor before adding new supplements.

Can I get rutin from food?

Yes! You can boost your rutin intake naturally by eating:

• Buckwheat (especially roasted groats or soba noodles)

• Apples (with the peel)

• Citrus fruits (especially the white pith)

• Green tea

Foods containing Rutin

Is rutin available as a supplement?

Definitely. Rutin is sold in capsule or powder form at many health stores. If you're considering it, look for products that are third-party tested for purity and dosage.

Are there any side effects?

Rutin is generally well tolerated, but in high doses, some people may experience:

• Mild digestive upset

• Headache

• Allergic reactions (rare)

Start low and monitor how your body responds.

What does the latest research say?

A recent study used computer simulations to test rutin’s ability to block COX-2. It showed strong binding power, better than some prescription drugs, and favorable safety predictions. It’s not a replacement for medication yet, but it’s a promising natural option.

Is rutin worth trying for my autoimmune symptoms, and what's next?

Rutin holds real promise as an adjunct for taming inflammation and oxidative stress in conditions like RA and lupus, backed by lab/animal data showing joint protection and reduced cytokines which can mean fewer flare-ups, less pain, and slower disease progression. However, clinical evidence is emerging but not definitive—think of it as a supportive player, not a star.

9 Rutin-Rich Foods to Add to Your Diet

1. Buckwheat (especially whole groats and soba noodles) → One of the best sources! Despite its name, buckwheat is gluten-free and great for porridge or pancakes or as noodles.

2. Apples (especially with the peel) → The skin contains most of the rutin, so skip the peeling when you can.

3. Citrus fruits (like oranges, lemons, and grapefruits) → The white spongy part (called the pith) between the peel and the fruit is loaded with rutin.

4. Elderberries → Often used in syrups and immune-boosting remedies, they pack a rutin punch.

5. Figs → Fresh or dried, figs are a sweet way to get more rutin.

6. Green tea → A soothing drink that delivers antioxidants including rutin.

7. Asparagus → A spring veggie that’s not only tasty but also rutin-rich.

8. Unripe bananas → Less sweet, but higher in certain flavonoids like rutin.

9. Red onions → Especially when eaten raw, they offer a good dose of rutin.

These foods are easy to incorporate into meals and snacks, and they support your body’s natural defenses against inflammation.

Always Talk to Your Doctor if taking new supplements

Even though rutin is natural, it can still interact with medications. If you're managing an autoimmune condition or taking prescription drugs, check with your healthcare provider before adding rutin supplements.

Rutin and Drug Interactions: What You Should Know

1. Blood Thinners (e.g., Warfarin)

• Interaction risk: Moderate

• Why it matters: Rutin may affect blood clotting. If you're on anticoagulants like warfarin, combining them with rutin could increase bleeding risk.

2. Diabetes Medications

• Interaction risk: Moderate

• Why it matters: Rutin might lower blood sugar. If you're taking insulin or oral diabetes drugs, this combo could cause blood sugar to drop too low.

3. Before Surgery

• Interaction risk: Caution advised

• Why it matters: Rutin may interfere with blood sugar control during and after surgery. It’s recommended to stop taking it at least two weeks before any scheduled procedure.

General Safety Notes

• Rutin is usually well tolerated when taken in moderate doses (up to 600 mg daily for 12 weeks).

• Common side effects: mild headache or stomach upset.

• There’s not enough data on its safety during pregnancy or breastfeeding, so stick to food sources unless advised otherwise.

You might also like to find out:

• How Chinese Medicine is changing Autoimmune Skin Care

• Why Platelets matter in Autoimmune Disease

• Natural Remedies for Inflammation

Vitamin D and Its Link to Lupus (SLE)

A study, published on July 31, 2025, explores how Vitamin D levels relate to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease.

Researchers reviewed 43 studies involving 2,940 SLE patients and 2,458 healthy people to understand Vitamin D’s role in lupus risk and severity.

Key Findings:

• Lower Vitamin D in SLE Patients: People with SLE had much lower Vitamin D levels (by about 10 ng/mL) compared to healthy individuals.

• Link to Disease Severity: Lower Vitamin D levels were tied to worse lupus symptoms, as measured by the SLEDAI score (a tool to assess lupus activity).

• Impact on Immune Markers: Low Vitamin D was linked to higher levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies (a marker of lupus activity) and lower levels of C3 and C4 (proteins that help the immune system). Higher Vitamin D levels were associated with better C3 and C4 levels.

• Study Quality: The studies were evaluated for quality, and while results were consistent, some limitations like study biases and language restrictions suggest caution in interpreting the findings.

Conclusion: Low Vitamin D levels are strongly linked to a higher risk and worse symptoms of lupus. Maintaining healthy Vitamin D levels may help manage lupus, but more research is needed to confirm these findings due to some inconsistencies in the studies.

Source: DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.70379

Can Berberine Help Manage Autoimmune Diseases and Allergies?

Berberine as a Natural Immunomodulator of B Lymphocytes

Berberine is a natural compound found in certain plants, known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-cancer effects. This review explores how berberine affects B cells, which are immune cells responsible for producing antibodies to fight infections but can also contribute to diseases like allergies, autoimmune disorders, and certain cancers.

Key Points in Simple Terms:

- What Are B Cells? B cells are part of your immune system. They make antibodies to protect you from infections, but when they go haywire, they can cause problems like allergies (producing IgE antibodies) or autoimmune diseases (producing harmful IgG/IgA antibodies).

- How Does Berberine Help?

  - Reducing Harmful B Cell Activity: Berberine can calm down overactive B cells in conditions like allergies or autoimmune diseases. It reduces the number of B cells that produce harmful antibodies by affecting key signaling pathways (like NF-κB, MAPK, JAK/STAT, and PI3K) and proteins that control B cell behavior (like STAT6, GATA3, and Blimp-1).

  - Boosting Helpful B Cells: In infections, berberine can actually help B cells produce protective antibodies (IgM, IgA, IgG) to fight off germs.

  - Fighting B Cell Cancers: Berberine shows promise in treating B cell-related cancers (like lymphoma) by causing DNA damage, stopping cancer cell growth, and triggering cancer cell death. It affects pathways like c-Myc/CD47, ROS/JNK, and proteins like CDK4, CDK6, and Bcl-2.

  - Mixed Effects with Other Treatments: Berberine’s interaction with standard cancer treatments (like rituximab) can be tricky, sometimes helping and sometimes interfering, so more research is needed.

Why Does This Matter?

Berberine could be a natural way to balance the immune system, especially for conditions involving problematic B cells. It might help reduce symptoms in autoimmune diseases, allergies, or even some cancers, but its effects need to be carefully studied, especially when combined with other treatments.

In Summary:

The berberine review suggests that this natural compound could be a promising tool for managing immune-related disorders by targeting B cells, but more research is needed to fully understand its potential and limitations.

Berberine is a natural compound found in certain plants and is available as a dietary supplement. Based on the information from the provided review and web sources, here’s how you can obtain berberine in simple terms:

1. Purchasing Berberine Supplements

• Where to Buy:
  • Online Retailers: Berberine supplements are widely available on websites like:
    • Amazon (e.g., Luma Nutrition Berberine Supplement, 1200 mg per serving, 60 capsules)
    • Walmart (e.g., Ultra Berberine 500 mg, Health Thru Nutrition Berberine HCl 500 mg).
    • Target (offers various herbal supplements, including berberine).
    • Health Food Stores and Pharmacies: Many local health food stores, pharmacies, or supplement retailers carry berberine supplements. 
• Forms Available:
  • Capsules/Tablets: Most common, typically ranging from 500 mg to 1200 mg per serving (e.g., 1–3 capsules daily).
  • Powder: Available for those who prefer mixing into water, juice, or smoothies.
  • Gummies or Other Forms: Less common but available from some brands.
• What to Look For:
  • Choose high-quality, third-party tested products to ensure purity and potency (e.g., non-GMO, gluten-free, vegan options like Luma Nutrition or Double Wood)
  • Check for enhanced absorption formulations (e.g., with MCT oil or phytosome technology) for better bioavailability, as berberine has low natural absorption.
  • Common dosages are 500–1500 mg daily, often taken before meals (e.g., 500 mg 2–3 times daily) according to MedlinePlus. 

2. Natural Sources (Plants Containing Berberine)

• Berberine is found in plants like:
  • Barberry (Berberis aristata, Indian Barberry)
  • Goldenseal
  • Oregon Grape
  • Goldthread
  • Phellodendron
  • Tree Turmeric
• These plants have been used in traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine, but consuming them directly (e.g., as teas or extracts) may not provide consistent or high enough doses of berberine compared to supplements according to WebMD.
• You might find herbal teas or tinctures containing these plants in health food stores, but they are less common and less potent than supplements.

3. Important Considerations Before Getting Berberine

• Consult a Healthcare Professional: Always talk to a doctor before starting berberine, especially if you:
  • Are pregnant, breastfeeding, or under 18 (berberine may be unsafe in these cases).
  • Take medications, as berberine can interact with drugs like metformin, statins, blood thinners, or cyclosporine.
  • Have conditions like diabetes, liver issues, or heart disease, as berberine can affect blood sugar, blood pressure, or liver function.
• Side Effects: Berberine is generally safe but may cause mild side effects like digestive upset. Rarely, it may cause liver toxicity or heart rhythm issues at high doses.
• Dosage: Typical doses are 500–1500 mg daily, taken in divided doses before meals. Avoid taking with food for best absorption. (Ohio State Health).
• Quality and Safety: Since supplements are not strictly regulated by the FDA, choose reputable brands with third-party testing (e.g., NSF, Underwriters Laboratories).

4. Why You Might Want Berberine

• Based on the review, berberine can influence B cells, which are part of the immune system. It may:
  • Reduce harmful B cell activity in autoimmune diseases or allergies by lowering antibody production (e.g., IgE, IgG, IgA).
  • Support B cell activity during infections by boosting protective antibodies (IgM, IgA, IgG).
  • Show anti-cancer effects against B cell malignancies by inducing cell death and DNA damage.
• Other benefits include supporting blood sugar control, cholesterol levels, weight loss, and heart health, though evidence for weight loss is not conclusive.

Disclaimer: I am an Amazon affiliate and there is one product in this post - Berberine Supplements -  with a link to Amazon. If you do end up purchasing at Amazon I receive a small commission at no extra cost to you. Thank you.

Have you tried Berberine and has it helped your symptoms? I would love to hear about it in the comments. 

Nigella Sativa (Black Cumin) Health Benefits: A Natural Remedy for Inflammation, Infection, and Chronic Disease

Nigella sativa, also known as black cumin or black seed, is a plant from the Ranunculaceae family that has been used since ancient times for its healing properties. It has shown benefits in treating problems related to the stomach, lungs, heart, infections, and inflammation.

Black Cumin seeds and the plant it comes from.

This review focuses on the plant's health benefits, especially in Arab cultures where it’s called “the plant that cures any disease.” These effects come from natural chemicals in the seeds, such as thymoquinone, p-cymene, α-thujene, longifolene, β-pinene, α-pinene, and carvacrol. These substances give the seeds strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties by reducing harmful molecules in the body (ROS).

The review also highlights how black seed might work well when combined with other medicines—like antibiotics or cancer drugs—by making them more effective or reducing the needed dose. Research suggests that black seed could be used alone or alongside other treatments.

Although early studies are promising, more in-depth research and clinical trials are needed to fully understand how it works, how best to use it, and its safety. For now, black seed can be used in small amounts in food and medicine, but only for short periods until more is known.

Nigella sativa (black seed) is widely known for its positive effects on health. In traditional medicine, its seeds have been used to treat a variety of conditions, including aches, diarrhea, back pain, rheumatism, high blood pressure, diabetes, migraines, digestive and respiratory issues, and even cancer. It also acts as a natural antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic.

The most powerful compound in black seed is thymoquinone (TQ), along with other active ingredients like p-cymene, α-thujene, longifolene, β-pinene, α-pinene, and carvacrol. These are used in different forms—essential oils, powders, capsules, and extracts.

Researchers are increasingly interested in black seed because of its wide range of health benefits. Thymoquinone, in particular, helps reduce oxidative stress and harmful molecules (ROS), lowers inflammation, strengthens the immune system, and supports energy production and cell health. It may also help protect against serious conditions like cancer, neurological disorders, and diseases affecting the heart, liver, kidneys, lungs, digestion, and metabolism.

NS is acceptable to be used in food and drug manufacturing but in small amounts and to be administered for brief periods. Therefore, to be eligible for use in therapies, NS needs more detailed investigations to obtain clearer insights into the toxicological profile of NS and verify if it can be safely used in higher quantities and for longer times. To conclude, the findings reviewed in this paper offer an updated framework for future research in the field, encouraging further in-depth interdisciplinary studies that would help advance present NS-based therapeutic strategies to reach clinical settings. From Nigella sativa: A Comprehensive Review of Its Therapeutic Potential, Pharmacological Properties, and Clinical Applications. Published: 14 December 2024 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences.

Read the full, in-depth research. 

Manganese benefits for autoimmune disease

Manganese is a mineral that is considered an essential nutrient because the body requires it to function properly.

Manganese doesn’t get a lot of spotlight, but it actually plays some low-key important roles—especially when it comes to autoimmune health. Here’s how it can help: 

It is a strong antioxidant that helps to reduce inflammation in the body. It also aids metabolism, helps regulate blood sugar, helps heal bones and connective tissues, and can help reduce premenstrual cramps. 

Low dietary manganese intake or low levels of manganese in blood or tissue have been associated with Osteoporosis and Diabetes mellitus.

1. Powerful Antioxidant Support

• Manganese is essential for the enzyme MnSOD (manganese superoxide dismutase)—a major antioxidant defender in your mitochondria.

• This helps neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, which is a big driver of autoimmune flares.

2. Anti-Inflammatory Effects

• By supporting antioxidant activity, manganese helps calm chronic inflammation, which is at the core of many autoimmune conditions like RA, lupus, and MS.

3. Supports Joint Health

• Manganese helps build collagen and is involved in the formation of connective tissue and cartilage.

• This can be particularly helpful in autoimmune conditions that affect joints, like rheumatoid arthritis.

4. Aids in Enzyme Function + Nutrient Absorption

• It’s a cofactor for several enzymes involved in:

  • Carb and fat metabolism

  • Wound healing

  • Bone formation

• Helps the body process other important nutrients like vitamin B1, vitamin E, and magnesium—which are all crucial for immune regulation.

5. May Support Brain + Nerve Function

• Manganese is involved in neurotransmitter production and neural protection, which could be relevant for autoimmune conditions affecting the nervous system (like MS or autoimmune encephalitis).

---

⚠️ A Few Notes:

• Too much manganese can be toxic—especially in supplement form. Stick with the recommended daily intake unless advised otherwise by a doctor.

• Food sources are usually safest: pumpkin seeds, oats, leafy greens, such as spinach, whole grains like brown rice and wheat germ, pineapple, nuts such as pecans, peanuts and almonds and tofu. 

• The good news is that we get adequate dietary manganese from eating these foods and rarely need to supplement our diet. If you’re considering a supplement, talk to your doctor first as excessive levels of manganese are toxic and supplements should be approached with care.

TOFU RECIPE. 

Tofu is made from soybeans and is soft and bland and can easily be incorporated in stir-fries as a great source of easy to chew protein. It easily absorbs other flavors so works well with asian sauces such as soya, oyster, or chili sauce. but if you are like me and can no longer tolerate these spicy sauces due to burning mouth syndrome you may like the following idea. 

Use firm or extra firm tofu and drain excess water off the tofu.

Slice the tofu into 1-inch thick pieces and place in a dish to use in the oven.

Mix all the sauce ingredients together and pour over tofu and bake for 20 minutes: 

• Peanut butter
• Golden syrup or coconut sugar or other sugar
• Sesame oil
• Salt or soya sauce
• a splash of lime juice

Enjoy with rice and vegetables.

I track my food, exercise and other health metrics with cronometer. It encourages me to focus on nutrition as a whole rather than counting calories and even tracks foods like miso and soy butter.

You may also like these articles:

• Antioxidant Therapies: A New Boost in Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
• Turmeric's benefits
• Vitamin D and marine omega 3 and autoimmune disease Research 
• Pomegranate extract may reduce arthritis symptoms

Clary Sage benefits for chronic conditions

What are the possible benefits of clary sage oil?

Clary sage, also known as Salvia sclarea, is a plant native to the northern Mediterranean Basin. It is widely used for medicinal purposes and as a spice.

In this article, we take a look at the uses and suggested health benefits of clary sage oil. We will also look at whether there is any scientific evidence to back these claims up. We also examine how the oil is used, and what side effects could occur.

Uses for clary sage oil

People may use the oil for one or more of its potential properties, including:

• antidepressant effects
• anti-inflammatory effects
• improved digestion
• antibacterial effects
• stress relief
• improved circulation

Possible health benefits

Antidepressant effects

A 2010 study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology investigated the antidepressant and stress-fighting effects of several different essential oils in rats. The oils used included clary sage, chamomile, rosemary, and lavender.

The study found that out of all the oils tested, clary sage oil had the most potent anti-stress effect.

The researchers concluded that clary sage oil could be an effective treatment for people experiencing depression. They also suggested that the effect of the oil was closely linked to the feel-good hormone dopamine.

Blood-pressure-lowering and anti-anxiety effects

A study published in 2013 in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine found that inhaled clary sage oil significantly lowered blood pressure and calmed the breathing of women with urinary incontinence undergoing assessment. The paper includes the suggestion that inhaled clary sage oil may be an effective way of promoting relaxation.

Anti-inflammatory effects

Research published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology in 2017 found that an extract of clary sage had significant anti-inflammatory effects in rats. The researchers concluded that the clary sage extract could be an effective treatment for the inflammatory gum condition periodontitis.

Improved mental function

A 2017 review looked at the effects of various sage plants, including clary sage. The author found that sage plants seem to be associated with improved memory, greater alertness, and potential Alzheimer's-fighting effects.

The same review also noted the anti-depressant and anti-stress effects of clary sage mentioned above.

How to use clary sage oil

Aromatherapy: Around 2 to 3 drops of clary sage oil can be mixed with water and other essential oils and diffused into the air via an essential oil burner. When vaporized, clary sage oil can help to fight bacteria and other germs in the air

Skin: Add about 6 drops of clary sage oil to 1 oz. of carrier oil, such as coconut oil, and rub directly onto a wounded area, or massage into skin. Add 3 to 5 drops of essential oil to the bathwater to soothe sore muscles and improve mood. When rubbed onto an injured area, it can have a direct antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and anesthetic effect.

READ FULL ARTICLE

Purchasing Clary Sage
After much research I discovered Clary Sage 100% Pure, Best Therapeutic Grade Essential Oil - 10ml which was the best recommended Clary Sage in the Amazon best sellers list. I have tried their products and recommend them highly and they are also one of the least expensive in this essential oil.
I am an Amazon affiliate, only recommending products I have tried, and if you purchase through my linkI do receive a small % at no extra cost to you. Thanks.

How I use Clary Sage
I use it in my diffuser to relieve stress and to help me sleep.
I put 3 drops in my foot bath for a relaxing soak.
I mix it in sorbelene cream and massage it into my feet - somehow this really ensures a great sleep.
I add 10 drops to a spray bottle of water as a room diffuser for that refreshing musky smell.

CLARY SAGE

Does osteopathy work?

The Conversation July 19, 2018 

Every year, Australian osteopaths provide around 3.9 million clinical consultations.

Osteopathy is a manual therapy developed by US physician Andrew Still in the mid-1800s, and it’s recognised by the World Health Organisation as a traditional system of medicine.

Osteopaths rely on manual contact with patients for both diagnosis and treatment and employ a wide variety of therapeutic manual techniques within their clinical practice. 

Pockets of research examining osteopathic care have been conducted over the last 20 years, but there are still more questions than answers about its safety and effectiveness.

What is the current evidence?

I recently led a study into the existing research examining care delivered by an osteopath compared with other treatment options. The research suggested variable benefits to people receiving osteopathic treatment, depending on the condition being examined.

The first study compared osteopathy’s effect on low back pain with the regular medical approach to back pain. For this study, the regular medical approach included analgesic or anti-inflammatory medication, active physical therapy, hot or cold packs and structural support. While osteopathy was not linked with any difference in participants’ perceived pain levels, the researchers found the group receiving osteopathy used less medication and required less physical therapy.

In another study a few years later, people experiencing back pain reported an improvement in their symptoms when compared to people receiving no treatment, but not really any benefit compared to individuals receiving sham osteopathy.

A third study on back pain compared osteopathy to physiotherapy (either as physiotherapist-led group exercise or one-on-one physiotherapy) and found similar outcomes in all three groups.

The sum of these studies suggests osteopathy is just as effective (or ineffective) as standard medical care or physiotherapy in treating chronic back pain, but may be able to reduce use of pain medication.

Our review also found a number of studies which examined how the cost of osteopathic care compared to other treatment options. Most interesting of these was an Italian study which found osteopathic treatment of premature infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) were able to gain weight more quickly and be discharged from hospital on average six days earlier than the infants in the control group.

READ FULL ARTICLE

Probiotics to reduce hay fever symptoms

Probiotics have been shown to improve quality of life in individuals with seasonal allergies. This was in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial done at the University of Florida.

The probiotics are Lactobacillus gasseri KS-13, Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1, and Bifidobacterium longum MM-
Rhinoconjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva due to allergy combined with rhinitis. The conjunctiva is the mucous membrane that covers the front of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids.
Quality of life is often reduced during seasonal Rhinoconjunctivitis. The Mini Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (MRQLQ) is used to measure the quality of life in people experiencing allergies.
In the results of the survey the probiotic group reported an improvement in the MRQLQ score when compared with the placebo group.

Conclusions: This combination probiotic improved rhinoconjunctivitis-specific quality of life during allergy season for healthy individuals with self-reported seasonal allergies.

Full Article is at The American Journal of CLINICAL NUTRITION
Probiotics (Lactobacillus gasseri KS-13, Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1, and Bifidobacterium longum MM-2) improve rhinoconjunctivitis-specific quality of life in individuals with seasonal allergies
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2017; 105 (3): 758 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.140012

More on herbs to help immune system: Bee Balm or Bergamot

Bee Balm and Bergamot are often used interchangeably, but they refer to two different plants, though they belong to the same family.

1. Bee Balm (Monarda didyma): This plant is part of the mint family and is known for its aromatic leaves and colorful flowers, typically red, pink, or purple. Bee balm has a strong, citrusy fragrance and is often used in herbal teas, as well as for medicinal purposes. It’s also great for attracting pollinators like bees and butterflies, hence the name.

2. Bergamot (Citrus bergamia): Bergamot is actually a type of citrus fruit, commonly used for its essential oil. It’s famously known for its role in Earl Grey tea. The bergamot plant is grown primarily in Italy, and its oil is highly prized in both culinary and cosmetic industries for its distinct citrus-floral fragrance.

In summary:

• Bee Balm is a flowering plant with a strong citrus scent, commonly used in herbal teas.

• Bergamot is a citrus fruit that’s used for its essential oil and in Earl Grey tea.

The leaves of both Monarda didyma and Monarda fistulosa, can be dried and used as tea. Fresh leaves add a refreshing flavour to fruit salads and drinks. It is traditionally used in apple jelly. The tea is a balm for sore throats and headaches. Oil within the leaves is used to treat insect bites and relieve bronchial congestion. "The Blackfoot Indians recognized the strong antiseptic properties of these plants and used poultices of the plant for skin infections, wounds, and mouth sores." MONARDA by HSA

Bee Balm

BEE BALM

Bee Balm, Monarda didyma, a flowering plant in the mint family, is known by a number of different common names including bee balm, Oswego tea, Wild Bergamot, Horse Mint, Monarda, Bergamot Mint, Sweet Leaf, Scarlet Monarda and Indian Mint.

It is native to eastern North America.  

The Oswego Indians often brewed the tea. 

The flavonoids (rutin, hyperoside, quercitrin, luteolin, quercetin) are found in leaves and flowers of bee balm.

Monarda fistulosa, is wild bergamot or horse mint and has a beautiful fresh aroma like a mix of citrus and mint.

Bee Balm (Monarda didyma) has a long history of being used for various medicinal purposes. It is valued for its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and digestive properties, among others. Here are some common conditions and ailments that bee balm is traditionally used to treat:

1. Digestive Issues:

• Indigestion: Bee balm is often used as a digestive aid. It can help alleviate symptoms of indigestion, bloating, and nausea, as it has carminative properties (helps relieve gas and bloating).

• Upset Stomach: It’s also used to soothe mild stomach discomfort, whether from overeating, mild food poisoning, or general stomach upset.

2. Respiratory Conditions:

• Colds and Flu: Bee balm has been traditionally used to help ease the symptoms of colds and flu, such as coughs, congestion, and sore throats. It can be brewed into a tea or used as a steam inhalation to clear respiratory pathways.

• Coughs and Bronchitis: The herb is believed to have expectorant properties, which may help loosen mucus and ease coughing associated with respiratory infections.

• Sinus Congestion: Bee balm has been used to relieve sinus congestion and other upper respiratory symptoms by promoting relaxation and opening the airways.

3. Stress and Anxiety:

• Calming Effects: Bee balm has mild sedative properties, making it a useful herb for reducing anxiety, stress, and tension. It is often brewed into a tea or used as a calming aromatic in diffusers or as part of an herbal remedy for mental relaxation.

• Sleep Aid: Because of its calming effects, bee balm is sometimes used as a natural remedy to help promote better sleep, particularly for those struggling with insomnia due to stress or anxiety.

4. Skin Conditions:

• Acne and Skin Infections: Bee balm has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, which makes it effective in treating minor skin irritations, cuts, and acne. It is sometimes used as a topical compress or in skincare products to help with these conditions.

• Insect Bites and Stings: Bee balm is also known for its soothing properties and is often used to relieve itching, swelling, and discomfort from insect bites or stings.

• Minor Burns or Rashes: Applying bee balm leaves or tea to the skin can help soothe mild burns, rashes, or other skin irritations, as its anti-inflammatory compounds can reduce redness and swelling.

5. Antibacterial and Antifungal:

• Infections: The essential oils in bee balm, especially thymol, have natural antibacterial and antifungal properties. This makes it effective for treating minor infections, both internally (like digestive infections) and externally (like skin infections).

• Mouth and Throat Infections: Bee balm has been traditionally used as a gargle for throat infections, as it may help fight off bacterial growth and reduce inflammation.

6. Headaches and Migraines:

• Pain Relief: The aromatic leaves of bee balm can be used to help alleviate tension headaches and migraines, especially when used as part of a tea or essential oil blend for inhalation.

7. Fever and Inflammation:

• Fever: Bee balm has been used as a mild febrifuge (fever-reducer). The herb’s ability to induce sweating can help break a fever by cooling the body down naturally.

• Inflammation: It can also be used to reduce inflammation, particularly in the digestive system, but also on the skin for minor irritations or swelling.

How to Use Bee Balm:

• Tea: The most common way to consume bee balm for medicinal purposes is by making a herbal tea from the leaves or flowers. This can help with digestive issues, respiratory problems, and anxiety.

• Topical Application: Bee balm can be applied as a compress or used in ointments or creams for skin conditions like acne, rashes, and burns.

• Aromatherapy: The essential oil from bee balm can be inhaled or diffused for respiratory relief and stress reduction.

Caution:

While bee balm is generally safe for most people, it should be used with caution in pregnant or nursing women, and individuals who are allergic to mint or other plants in the Lamiaceae family should consult a healthcare professional before use.

Bee Balm (Monarda didyma) is a versatile plant with a variety of uses. Here are some of the most common ways it's used:

1. Culinary Uses:

• Herbal Tea: Bee balm is often used to make herbal teas. The leaves and flowers have a refreshing, citrusy flavor, and the tea is enjoyed for its soothing properties. It’s sometimes blended with other herbs like mint or lemon balm for additional flavor.

• Flavoring in Cooking: The leaves and flowers can also be used to flavor dishes, similar to how you might use oregano or basil. Bee balm can add a mild, lemony-spicy taste to salads, stews, and meats.

• Herb Butter: You can make herb butter by mixing finely chopped bee balm leaves with butter, which can be used on vegetables, meats, or bread.

2. Medicinal Uses:

• Digestive Health: Bee balm has been traditionally used to treat digestive issues. It’s believed to help soothe indigestion, bloating, and nausea. The plant is also sometimes used as a mild stimulant to promote healthy digestion.

• Antibacterial and Antifungal: The essential oils in bee balm contain compounds that are believed to have antibacterial and antifungal properties, making it useful in treating minor skin irritations or infections.

• Respiratory Aid: Bee balm has been used historically to treat symptoms of colds, flu, and respiratory issues like coughs. It is sometimes brewed as a tea or inhaled as a steam to help open up the airways and soothe a sore throat.

• Calming and Relaxing: The plant has mild sedative properties, and bee balm tea is often consumed to help relieve stress, anxiety, and even promote sleep.

3. Aromatherapy:

• Essential Oil: Bee balm essential oil, though less common than other oils like lavender or peppermint, is sometimes used in aromatherapy for its calming and invigorating properties. It may help reduce anxiety, ease stress, and enhance relaxation.

• Inhalation for Respiratory Relief: Bee balm essential oil can be used in diffusers or steam inhalations to help with respiratory issues like congestion or coughing.

4. Skin Care:

• Skin Toner: Due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, bee balm is sometimes used in skincare products. It may help with acne, minor cuts, or skin irritations when applied topically.

• Compress for Skin Soothing: A cool compress of bee balm leaves or tea can help reduce swelling, irritation, or discomfort from conditions like rashes, bug bites, or mild burns.

5. Attracting Pollinators:

• Gardening: Bee balm is a favorite of pollinators like bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. It’s often planted in gardens to help attract beneficial insects, contributing to biodiversity and helping pollinate other plants.

6. Natural Insect Repellent:

• Repellent for Bugs: Some people use bee balm to help repel insects, particularly mosquitoes, due to its strong aromatic properties.

In addition to these uses, bee balm is also grown as an ornamental plant in gardens, prized for its striking, colorful flowers and attractive foliage.

Bergamot plant and fruit, as illustrated in the traditional Köhler’s Medizinal-Pflanzen

 

BERGAMOT

Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) is used in several different ways, mainly due to the essential oil derived from its rind. Here are the primary uses:

1. Culinary Uses:

• Earl Grey Tea: Bergamot is most famously used as a flavoring in Earl Grey tea. The oil extracted from the bergamot fruit is added to black tea to give it a distinctive citrusy, floral flavor.

• Flavoring for Beverages: In addition to Earl Grey, bergamot is sometimes used to flavor other drinks, such as cocktails or sodas, providing a unique twist.

• Desserts: The zest or essential oil of bergamot is sometimes used in recipes for baked goods like cakes, pastries, and ice creams for its citrusy fragrance and taste.

2. Aromatherapy and Essential Oils:

• Essential Oil: Bergamot essential oil is one of the most popular oils in aromatherapy due to its uplifting and calming effects. It is often used in diffusers to relieve stress, anxiety, and even mild depression.

• Massage Oils and Bath Products: It is commonly used in massage oils, bath salts, and lotions for its calming scent and soothing properties on the skin.

3. Medicinal Uses:

• Mood Enhancer: Bergamot essential oil is often used for its mood-lifting properties. It may help alleviate symptoms of anxiety and stress and has been used in various natural remedies for mental well-being.

• Digestive Health: It is sometimes used in herbal medicine to support digestion, as it is believed to help with indigestion and other stomach issues.

• Antibacterial Properties: The essential oil of bergamot has mild antibacterial properties, which make it useful in skin care for acne and other skin infections.

4. Cosmetics and Skin Care:

• Skin Care: Bergamot essential oil is used in a variety of cosmetic products, particularly for oily or acne-prone skin. It helps balance oil production and has a gentle antibacterial effect.

• Fragrance: It is also used in perfumes and scented products due to its refreshing, citrusy fragrance that blends well with other scents like lavender and jasmine.

5. Insect Repellent:

• Natural Repellent: The strong aroma of bergamot is also used as a natural insect repellent, helping to keep bugs at bay, especially mosquitoes.

SOURCES:

• PubMed: Analysis of flavonoids in the flowers and leaves of Monarda didyma by Savickiene N, Dagilyte A, Barsteigiene Z, Kazlauskas S, Vaiciūniene J. Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
• Herb Society of America HSA MONARDA

Here are some reliable sources to learn more about Bee Balm and Bergamot:

1. Bee Balm (Monarda didyma):

   • Missouri Botanical Garden - Monarda didyma: provides detailed information on Bee Balm's botanical characteristics, growing conditions, and uses.

2. Bergamot (Citrus bergamia):

   • National Institute of Health - Bergamot: This paper discusses the health benefits and uses of Bergamot essential oil, including its medicinal properties.

   • National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health - Bergamot (For medicinal uses): suggests some potential health benefits of Bee Balm.